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| c. 1265 |
| | | Hulagu and his Mongol descendants rule Persia as Il-khans, subordinate to the great khan in the east | |
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| c. 1275 |
| | | Mongol control over the entire breadth of Asia introduces a stability often called the Pax Mongolica, echoing the Pax Romana | |
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| c. 1300 |
| | | Tabriz under the Mongol Il-khans is the first centre of Persian miniature painting | |
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| c. 1370 |
| | | The Persian poet Hafiz perfects a form of short poem, the ghazal, dwelling on the pleasures of life with an undercurrent of Sufi mysticism | |
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| 1383 |
| | | Timur begins twenty years of almost continuous conquest with the capture and destruction of Herat | |
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| c. 1400 |
| | | Craftsmen and treasures arrive in large numbers in Samarkand, sent home from Timur's travels of conquest | |
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| 1405 |
| | | Timur is buried in a mausoleum (the Gur Amir) in Samarkand, a city which becomes an inspiration to his descendants | |
|  | Samarkand, tomb of Timur
Fotofile CG
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| 1410 |
| | | Shah Rukh, son of Timur, begins rebuilding the city of Herat | |
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| c. 1450 |
| | | Herat, under Timurid princes, succeeds Tabriz as the main centre of Persian art | |
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| c. 1500 |
| | | The lively realism of Kamal-ud-din Bihzad lays the basis of both the Persian and the Mughal schools of painting | |
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